The interaction between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and dental diseases.

Heide, T.van der (Tessa) (2014) The interaction between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and dental diseases. thesis, Dentistry.

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Abstract

Introduction: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a collective noun of two diseases with different clinical manifestations and pathogenesis; Crohn’s disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). IBD is a chronic inflammation of the intestinal mucosa and it can affect every part of the gastrointestinal tract. The etiology is not yet entirely understood, but it is known that four factors play a role in the pathogenesis; the genetic susceptibility, variation in certain processes in the immune system, the microbial flora and environmental factors. These are the same factors playing a role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Periodontitis is an infectious disease of the periodontal tissue and the tooth supporting bone. Together with dental carious, an infectious disease of the hard tooth tissue, it is the most common oral disease. A systematic review about the prevalence of periodontitis and dental caries in IBD-patients and the pathways that cause a possible difference in prevalence can be useful to create an overview of the possible interaction between the diseases. Aim and research question: The aim of this systematic review is to answer the following research question:“Is there an interaction between Inflammatory Bowel disease and dental diseases?” This is done with the help of three sub questions about the prevalence of dental diseases in IBD-patients, the influence of IBD on dental diseases and the influence of dental diseases on IBD. Answering this questions can give the dentist a guidance in the treatment of IBD-patients. Materials and methods: A search was done in MEDLINE (PubMed) and EMBASE and the abstracts were read and judged conform the defined inclusion- and exclusion criteria by the author. Subsequently, the full-text was read and judged again by the inclusion-and exclusion criteria and by the judgment quality forms according to the ones for case control studies and cohort studies of the Dutch Cochrane Centre. The included articles were divided based on the three sub questions and the dental diseases (periodontitis and dental caries) to make it possible to compare the results. Results: 181 articles were found with the search in MEDLINE and 35 articles were found with the search in EMBASE. 25 articles were selected after reading the abstracts. Eventually, twelve articles were selected to answer the three sub questions after reading the full-texts. Six articles described the prevalence of periodontitis and/or dental caries in IBD-patients, three of this articles also compared the severity of periodontitis. Four articles described the influence of IBD on periodontitis and two articles described the influence of periodontitis or dental caries on IBD. Conclusion: The prevalence of periodontitis and dental caries is increased in IBD-patients. As far as the severity of periodontitis, it is not possible to draw conclusions, because the literature used has given contradictory results. The higher prevalence of dental caries is probably caused by the different diet habits of IBD-patients. There could be a connection between IBD and periodontitis but the pathways are not clear. Nothing can be concluded on the influence of IBD on dental diseases or the influence of dental diseases on IBD, because no useful results in human were found. However animal studies seem to suggest such a relation. The recommendations for the dentist are to educate IBD-patients about the increased risk of dental caries due to diet changes and to give the patients additional advise for oral hygiene and to consider a more frequent visit to the dentist.

Item Type:	Thesis (Thesis)
Supervisor name:	Sluis, Dr. L.W.M. van der
Supervisor name:	Cotti, Prof. E. and University of Cagliari
Faculty:	Medical Sciences
Date Deposited:	25 Jun 2020 10:42
Last Modified:	25 Jun 2020 10:42
URI:	https://umcg.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/388

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