Timans, W. (Winnie) (2014) Paralympic classification for intellectual impaired athletes: How does pacing behavior affect sports performance. thesis, Human Movement Sciences.
Full text available on request.Abstract
Background: Pacing is influenced by intellectual functioning, and was therefore hypothesized to be very relevant for classification of intellectual disabled (ID) athletes. Since pacing is not researched in this context yet, it was suggested to develop a reference-base of pacing behaviour in non-ID individuals first. Aim: To study pacing strategies in time-trial (TT) cycling in non-ID trained (TC) and untrained cyclists (UC), to create a reference-base for Paralympic classification. It was hypothesized that UC were more variable in their pacing behaviour and more influenced by an opponent than TC. Methods: Male TC (n=8) and UC (n=8) participated in one incremental exercise test and four self-paced 4km cycling time-trials (TT). TT1 and TT4 included feedback, while TT2 and TT3 included an opponent and no feedback. Randomized among the two middle TTs, one trial was against an opponent who maintained a continuous pace at a 2% higher mean power output (POmean) than that cycled in TT1 (TTpo). The other trial was cycled against an opponent who copied the pacing behaviour of the subject with a 1-sec time-delay (TTtd). Repeated measures ANOVAs were used with level of significance set at p < .05, a statistical trend was accepted at p < .10. Results: TC showed a higher POmean and faster performance time than UC for the four consecutive TTs. No differences in POmean were found between opponent trials and feedback trials for both groups. However, UC showed a higher POmean for TTpo (206±64.0W) compared to TTtd (178±51.9W). TC were less variable than UC based on number of peaks and distance of peaks, and coefficient of variance (CV) per TT and per 100m interval (CVinterval). UC were less variable on CVinterval during the opponent trials compared to the feedback trials. Conclusion: TC adopt a more efficient pacing strategy as UC, since TC showed a higher power output, adopted an ‘all-out’ start and showed less variability in their strategy than UC. Results of this study could be used to start-up a reference for ID athletes, whom might have, as UC, a more variable pacing strategy which limits their performance, and therefore indicates Paralympic classification. Key words: Intellectual impairment, classification, Paralympics, pacing, opponents
| Item Type: | Thesis (UNSPECIFIED) |
|---|---|
| Supervisor name: | Hettinga, dr. F.J. and Elferink-Gemser, dr. M.T. |
| Faculty: | Medical Sciences |
| Date Deposited: | 06 Apr 2022 08:22 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Apr 2022 08:22 |
| URI: | https://umcg.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/3053 |
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