Schouten, M.C.M. (2014) Belasting van bloedafname bij kinderen. thesis, Medicine.
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Abstract
Background: For children a blood test is one of the most painful procedures in the hospital. Because of an increase in medical research on children – resulting in more blood tests – and the current discussion in the Netherlands about changing the legal rules for performing medical research on children (WMO), it is essential to have more understanding of the distress of blood testing on children. Objective: The goal was 1) to determine the distress of blood testing for children, 2) to determine which factors play a role in the distress by blood testing, and 3) to determine if parents can make a correct assessment of the distress the child will experience during the blood test. Method: 118 children between 6 – 17 years old, who visited the lab for a blood test accompanied by at least one parent, were included in the study. Using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) with scores from 0-10 (0 is no distress, 10 is the highest distress), children could report their own distress. Factors that might be of influence on the distress were scored using an observation list. The observation list for scoring the distress and influence factors, was developed and researched in a pilot study in advance of this research. Questionnaires were used to determine if parents could make a good assessment of the distress. For statistical analysis, the Chi-Square test was used, the Mann-Whitney U test was used for two categorical independent groups, and the Kruskal-Wallis test for multiple categorical independent groups. Results: 1) 35% scored a VAS-score ≥ 4 (more than minimal distress). 2) Age showed a negative correlation with distress. Fixation of the child during blood testing led to a significant higher rating of the distress. Laboratory assistants assessment of the distress matched the experienced distress. There was no evidence for a difference between boys and girls. 3) Corresponding agreement between parents and children for the distress was found in 15% of the cases. In the group children experiencing the highest distress, parents underestimated the individual distress by 58% of the children. Conclusion: In the majority of the children a blood test caused not much distress. The high distress was specially found in the lower age group, the children who were also often fixated during the blood test. Parents tended to underestimate the distress specifically in this group. When considering participation in medical research involving blood tests, special attention should go to the younger age group (6-11 year). At least monitoring of the individual burden during participation should be done and burden reducing measures should be taken.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Thesis) |
|---|---|
| Supervisor name: | Nijholt, I.M. |
| Supervisor name: | Royen-Kerkhof, A. van |
| Faculty: | Medical Sciences |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Jun 2020 11:05 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Jun 2020 11:05 |
| URI: | https://umcg.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/2531 |
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