Wagenaar, C.A. (2018) Clinical and Dietary Determinants of Sarcopenic Obesity : A large population-based study in the Netherlands. thesis, Medicine.
Full text available on request.Abstract
Background: Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is defined as a relatively low muscle mass in combination with obesity. Individuals with SO have an increased risk of disability, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality compared to those with only obesity or sarcopenia. Lifestyle factors are thought to influence the pathogenesis of SO, but the association between diet and SO are unknown. Aim: To determine clinical and dietary determinants of sarcopenia and SO. Methods: We included 102,106 participants from the LifeLines cohort. Participants were included if they were ≥18 years old and did not have missing or unreliable BMI, 24-hour urine creatinine excretion, or nutrition data. First, we split the LifeLines cohort into standard deviations (SD) of 24-hour urine creatinine excretion from the mean (<-1.0SD, -1.0-0.0SD, 0.0-1.0SD, >1.0SD). This allowed us to compare variables such as age, physical activity, macronutrient consumption, and comorbidities between the groups. Within the overweight and obese population (BMI ≥25 kg/m2; n=53,406) we then compared the same variables between the group with obesity and low muscle mass or SO (<-1.0SD) with those with obesity and normal muscle mass (ONMM; ≥-1.0SD). To determine if dietary patterns differ in those with SO and ONMM we used a plant-based diet score (PBDS). Also, using a logistic regression we evaluated if there was an association between score and SO prevalence. This was also done with a healthy plant-based dietary score (H-PBDS) and individual macronutrients. Results: We found a SO prevalence of 5.37% for males and 4.83% for females. Those with SO were found to be older, have a higher prevalence of co-morbidities (diabetes, kidney disease, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol), be less active, and overall consume less calories and macronutrients. Those with SO had a greater PBDS (50.71 vs. 50.24 in males and 51.28 vs. 50.62 in females) compared to those with ONMM. We also found a positive association between PBDS and SO (Odds ratio (OR) 1.014, P value <0.001 in males; OR 1.020, P value <0.001 in females). A similar trend was seen for the H-PBDS, plant protein intake, and fruit and vegetable consumption, while total and animal protein and fat consumption were inversely associated with SO. Conclusion: Overall, we found those with SO to be older, have more co-morbidities, be less active, and eat less calories and macronutrients. Additionally, those with SO had a higher PBDS than those with ONMM, indicating they eat a more plant-based diet.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Thesis) |
|---|---|
| Supervisor name: | Under supervision of and Navis Prof. Dr. Gerjan and and Dekker, Dr. Louise and UMCG Nephrology Department |
| Faculty: | Medical Sciences |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Jun 2020 11:04 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Jun 2020 11:04 |
| URI: | https://umcg.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/2376 |
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