Gingival Hyperplasia in patients treated with full fixed orthodontic Appliances : An Observational Study

Dusseldorp, J.K. (2009) Gingival Hyperplasia in patients treated with full fixed orthodontic Appliances : An Observational Study. thesis, Dentistry.

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Abstract

Introduction: Orthodontic treatment needs vary from malocclusion to esthetic issues. Gingival hyperplasia (GH) is a known side effect of orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the degree of GH, as a clinical parameter of inflammation and as a part of the dental esthetics, during and after the treatment with full fixed orthodontic appliance. Material and Methods: A Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to assess the degree of GH on intra-oral photographs. Twenty-five random selected patients were followed before treatment, at debonding, 3 months and 6 months after debonding of full fixed orthodontic appliances. The gingiva was divided into six segments and each segment was scored blind and in random order. Validation of the method was done by measuring intraclass correlation coefficients. Mean scores of and differences between the four evaluation moments were measured. The effect sizes were calculated only for the statistical significant differences. In all tests the Bonferroni post hoc test was used and the level of statistical significance was set at p s 0,05. Results: All intraclass and interclass correlation coefficients were above 0.80. During orthodontic treatment the degree of GH increased significantly. After debonding, the GH significantly decreased and after three months it reaches a level as measured before treatment. The effect sizes of both increase and decrease were classified as large. Between three and six months after debonding the decrease continues, either no statistical difference was found for this interval. Discussion: Several aspects could have affected the showed GH in this study. The effect of oral hygiene, used materials and orthodontic retainers were already doubt in - 1 - other studies. Further research, including more clinical parameters, should get more agreement about the influence of these aspects. Objective measurements on plaster models could be used for further validation of the VAS as presented in this study. Conclusions: The GH, seen in patient treated with full fixed orthodontic appliances, is reversible. The largest decrease was seen in the first three months after debonding. Three months after debonding the degree of GH reaches the same level as before treatment. The esthetic result of orthodontic treatment should be evaluated at least 3 months after debonding of full fixed orthodontic appliances.

Item Type:	Thesis (Thesis)
Supervisor name:	Supervisors: and Renkema, Drs A.A.P and Middel, Dr. B. and Ren, Prof. Dr. Y. and Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center of Gro and University of Groningen, Groningen
Faculty:	Medical Sciences
Date Deposited:	25 Jun 2020 10:38
Last Modified:	25 Jun 2020 10:38
URI:	https://umcg.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/23

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