Dik, M.E. (2017) The influence of ultrasonic scalers on the functioning of pacemakers and implantable cardio defibrillators; a systematic review. thesis, Dentistry.
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Abstract
Objectives: The aim of the present study is to systematically evaluate the current literature for the effect of ultrasonic devices, ultrasonic scalers in particularly, on cardiac pacemakers and ICDs to add evidence based knowledge regarding health risks of patients wearing these devices when treated with ultrasonic scalers. Materials and methods: To conduct this systematic review the guidelines for the Transparent Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses were used (PRISMA statement). The National Library of Medicine, Washington DC (MEDLINEPubmed) was selected in search of appropriate papers for this study. The search was conducted starting from the earliest records until 04 May 2016. The structured search strategy aimed at any published paper that evaluated the effect of ultrasonic scalers on the functioning of pacemakers and/ or ICDs. Results: The MEDLINE-Pubmed search resulted in 642 abstracts with one in duplicate, a total of 641 abstracts remained. A total of 630 articles were excluded after screening by title and abstract. The remaining 11 articles, consisting of in vivo and in vitro studies, were selected for full text reading and all were eligible for the purpose of this study. One additional paper was found eligible after reference checking the list of the included studies. Considerable heterogeneity was observed in the in vitro and in vivo studies. Therefore a quantitative analysis of the data was not possible. A descriptive format was used to analyse the pooled data. In five out of ten in vitro studies EMI (electromagnetic interference) with pacemaker and/or ICDs was found when using ultrasonic dental scalers. This occurred when the handle of the ultrasonic scaler was in close proximity towards the device in three of those studies. In the remaining two studies interference at larger distances was detected, but this was most probably because of interference with the telemetry connection between pacemaker/ICD and the cardiac programmer device. None of the in vivo studies demonstrated EMI in pacemakers and/or ICDs affecting the functioning of these devices when using ultrasonic scalers. Interference with cardiac programmers was also found to occur in vivo. Conclusion: The findings of this literature study suggest that it is safe to use ultrasonic scalers with patients who are fitted with a pacemaker and/or ICD. There is no evidence these devices interfere with normal cardiac device function or damage the device properties when interference takes place. When maintaining the precaution distance of 10-15 cm. towards the cardiac device, no significant effect on these devices is observed when using ultrasonic dental scalers.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Thesis) |
|---|---|
| Supervisor name: | Tjakkes, Dr. G.H.E. and Centrum voor Tandheelkunde en Mondzorgkunde, UMCG |
| Supervisor name: | Slot, Dr. D.E. and Academisch Centrum Tandheelkunde Amsterdam |
| Faculty: | Medical Sciences |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Jun 2020 10:59 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Jun 2020 10:59 |
| URI: | https://umcg.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/1989 |
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