Jong, I. de (Inger) (2014) ‘Effect van hormoontherapie op het parodontium van vrouwen in de menopauze.’. thesis, Dentistry.
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Abstract
Women in the menopause are at risk of developing osteoporosis. Menopause causes a decrease in production of the hormone estrogen, which is responsible for inhibition of bone loss. Osteoporosis is a risk factor for progression of periodontal disease, a chronic inflammation of the periodontium. Women who suffer from osteoporosis, as a side effect of the menopause, can be treated with hormone replacement therapy. Also, other side effects of the menopause, such as hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, hot flashes, night sweats, can be treated with hormone replacement therapy. By giving these women estrogen supplements, the lack of estrogen production caused by menopause will diminish, along with its symptoms. Estrogen plays a major role in the homeostasis of the periodontium. It inhibits the expression of inflammatory cells that are responsible for alveolar bone loss in periodontal disease. An estrogen deficiency, caused by the menopause, leads to worsening of periodontal inflammation. Therefore, menopausal women are at risk of developing progressive and severe periodontitis. What is the effect of hormone replacement therapy on the periodontium of postmenopausal women? This systematic review uses the following methods to determine the effect on the periodontium: effect on tooth loss, the periodontal status (pocket depth, attachment loss), alveolar bone density and bacteriological examination. A literature search was performed using the online database PubMed, 124 as result. A selection, based on title, abstract and full text reduced this number to 13 studies. The included studies were all judged on quality of research and classified according to the used method. The studies which examined the relation between hormone therapy and toot loss were unambiguous. Three of the studies indicated a positive relationship in contrast to the other half. The overall result of the studies that examined the effect of hormone therapy on the periodontal status (pocket depth, attachment loss) imply a relation. The majority of the studies showed an positive effect of hormone therapy on the periodontium. Reduction was shown in both pocket depth and attachment loss. Hormone therapy had no proven effect on alveolar bone density. With only two studies, that contradict each other in the results, it’s not possible to make any assumptions on a possible association between the use of hormone therapy and alveolar bone density. One study examined the effect of hormone therapy on the presence of bacteria in the periodontal pockets. The study implies a positive effect, but with just one study there is no possibility to compare the study results. No assumptions can be made. Further research is required. This systematic review does not reveal a new proven association. Therefore, more research must be done, on a larger scale and with longer study periods. Though, possible effect of hormone therapy on the periodontium of postmenopausal women is supported by this review.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Thesis) |
|---|---|
| Supervisor name: | Tjakkes, G. H. E. |
| Faculty: | Medical Sciences |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Jun 2020 10:58 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Jun 2020 10:58 |
| URI: | https://umcg.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/1832 |
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