Antibacteriële eigenschappen van knoflookextract in het orale milieu.

Kurt-Kemaldar, G. (Gülcan) (2014) Antibacteriële eigenschappen van knoflookextract in het orale milieu. thesis, Dentistry.

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Abstract

Introduction It is known that additional cleaning chemical products as mouthwashes, containing chlorhexidine as active substance, can have unpleasant side effects. There are numerous health promoting properties attributed to garlic. Research shows that consumption of garlic is good for memory8 and its use may lead to a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular disease9-10 and stomach cancer11-14. It also appears to be effective against (multi) drug resistant bacteria15-17 and also may lead to reduction of oral yeast infections20-22 and bacteria that are main causes of dental caries and periodontal disease23-29. Altogether, there are indications that a mouthwash with garlic extract can be valuable as an alternative product in dentistry and its application can form an innovative treatment modality with fewer side effects. Aim The aim of this study was to analyze the acute and substantive effect of garlic extract on the viability of the oral biofilm and to visualize its penetration ability in dental plaque. Methodology This was an experimental study which was carried out in vitro. Human saliva, microtiter plates, Tryptone Soya Broth growth medium (TSB), Crystal Violet stain, microtiter platereader, PMMA discs, LIVE/DEAD stain and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) were used. Formed 4, 24 and 48 hours old biofilms were exposed to test groups (3%, 6% en 9% (v/v) garlic extract), a positive control group (chlorhexidine) and a negative control group (sterile distilled water). Measurements were performed eighteen times. Data were processed in the software program Excel and statistical analyzes were performed using the SPSS software program, where ANOVA and LSD post hoc tests were applied. Results With regard to the acute effect, chlorhexidine shows an average of the highest percentage reduction in the biofilm growth of a 4 hour biofilm, that is 45%. In 24 and 48 hour-old biofilms 3%, 6% and 9% garlic extract show as much effectiveness as chlorhexidine. Although the difference is not significantly detectable, 3% garlic extract appears to be the most effective in a 48 hour biofilm, with 25% reduction in biofilm growth. With regard to the substantive effect in the reduction of the biofilm growth at 24 and 48 hours old dead biofilms, 3%, 6% and 9% garlic extract show as much effectiveness as chlorhexidine. Despite the fact that the differences are not significant detectable, 3% garlic extract seems to be most effective in the reduction of biofilm growth on 4, 24 and 48 hours old dead biofilms. The penetration ability of 3% garlic extract appears to be better in a 14-day old biofilm and shows considerably more dead bacteria than in a 7-day old biofilm. 3% garlic extract shows more dead bacteria than demineralised water and even chlorhexidine in a 14-day-old biofilm. Chlorhexidine shows more effectiveness in a seven-day-old biofilm compared to 3% garlic extract.Conclusions From this in vitro study can be concluded that 3%, 6% and 9% garlic extract show acute and substantive effectiveness as much as chlorhexidine in 24 and 48 hours old oral biofilms. Although the differences are not significant, 3% garlic extract seems to show the most acute effectiveness in the reduction of the growth of 48 hours old biofilms and the most substantive effectiveness in the reduction of the growth on 4, 24 and 48 hours old dead biofilms. The penetration ability of 3% garlic extract is also better in a 14-day-old biofilm than in a seven-day-old biofilm and shows more dead bacteria than demineralised water and even chlorhexidine in a 14-day-old biofilm.

Item Type:	Thesis (Thesis)
Supervisor name:	Hoogmoed, dr. C.G. van
Faculty:	Medical Sciences
Date Deposited:	25 Jun 2020 10:53
Last Modified:	25 Jun 2020 10:53
URI:	https://umcg.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/1429

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